Cybersecurity Reach Foundation

Know the scams.

Scammers reuse the same playbooks. Learn how each one works and the red flags that give it away — so you can spot it before it costs you.

Phishing

Attempts to trick victims into revealing credentials or sensitive info by impersonating trusted services.

EmailWebSocialSMS

Refund / Invoice Bait

Fake invoices or 'refund' notices that trick victims into calling scammers or installing remote-access tools.

EmailSMSPhone

Tech Support / Remote Access

Scammers claim there is a virus or issue and request remote access or payment for fake fixes.

Pop-upsPhoneEmail

Investment / Crypto

Fraudulent investments or crypto scams promising guaranteed returns or exclusive offers.

SocialEmailMessaging AppsAds

Romance / Dating

Emotional manipulation via dating platforms leading to requests for money or gifts.

Dating appsSocialEmailSMS

Business Email Compromise (BEC)

Targeted fraud against companies by spoofing executives, vendors, or partners.

EmailPhone

Marketplace / Classifieds

Fake listings, rental scams, or overpayment schemes on marketplaces and classifieds.

Marketplace sitesSocial

Job / Work-From-Home

Fake job offers requiring upfront fees, equipment purchases, or acting as a money mule.

EmailJob boardsSocial

Advance Fee Fraud

Scammers promise a large payout, inheritance, contract transfer, or released funds, then demand fees, bank details, or identity documents before the money can be received.

EmailSMSPhoneSocial

Lottery / Prize

Fraudulent prize claims requiring fees or sensitive info to claim winnings.

EmailSMSPhoneSocial

Charity / Disaster Relief

Fake charities exploiting disasters or tragedies to solicit fraudulent donations.

EmailSocialFundraising sites

Shipping / Delivery

Fake delivery notifications tricking victims into clicking malicious links or paying fees.

EmailSMS

Impersonation / Social Media

Accounts or pages impersonating individuals or brands to defraud followers.

Social MediaMessaging

Smishing (SMS Phishing)

Phishing attempts delivered by text message linking to fake sites or requesting responses.

SMSMMS

Vishing (Voice Phishing)

Phone-based scams impersonating banks, government, or companies.

PhoneVoIP

Extortion / Sextortion

Threats to expose sensitive or fake compromising information unless paid.

EmailMessagingSocial

Malware / Attachment

Emails or downloads containing malicious attachments or links to malware.

EmailDownloadsWeb

Credential Harvesting

Fake websites or forms designed to steal login details, MFA codes, or personal data.

WebEmail

Money Mule / Asset Transfer

Victims recruited to move money or goods, often unknowingly laundering funds.

EmailSocial

Crypto Wallet / Exchange Impersonation

Fake crypto wallets, exchanges, or airdrops designed to steal private keys or funds.

WebMobile AppsExtensionsSocial

Image-Based Fraud

Scams using doctored screenshots, payment proofs, or manipulated images.

EmailSocialMessaging

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